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Emin Askerov
Cleantech FOAK Advisor
Everything here comes from having built FOAKs, not just studied them. The Playbook is a structured guide to scaling cleantech from lab to commercial delivery. The Monitor tracks the largest FOAK projects in real time. The Blog is where I think out loud. Start with the Playbook → if you're scaling a FOAK. Start with the Monitor → if you want to know what's actually happening in the field.


Corporate Governance Will Haunt You Later: A Founder’s Guide for Cleantech Scaleups
What founders sometimes fail to realise is that as you scale up, you will spend less and less time working on your product and more and more time with your investors.
Jul 17, 20253 min read


Two Essays on Climate Investment—And What They Overlook
Two different points of view on climate investment. Both wrong.
Jul 15, 20252 min read


Building the Smart Factory: Turning a Manufacturing Idea into a 500 MWh Reality in 9 Months
This post is about how Duke went from idea to operational factory in under 9 months—and what practical lessons it offers for cleantech scale-ups.
Jul 10, 20253 min read


Opportunity costs of climate technologies. It's not what you think.
Why pay more to achieve less? Really, why? Yet, you see this everywhere in climatetech. How come? A reduction in man-made CO2 emissions measures the success of all climate technologies. But many of them require two other climate technologies as inputs - wind and solar energy. Green hydrogen, SAF, and e-fuels all require huge amounts of clean energy. To reduce emissions using these technologies, you first have to build a wind or solar power plant, then add the costs of these t
Jun 30, 20251 min read


The FOAK Impact: the First Two Questions to Ask a Would-be Scaleup.
Cleantech scaleup climate impact assessment framework.
Jun 26, 20256 min read


Make Transformers (Even) More Boring
The humble transformer is at the heart of the electric grid. And for decades, it’s been a tailor-made marvel. Engineers loved the craft, utilities loved the high price that they passed on to consumers, and factories loved having “just the right” unit. But times changed, and the transformer industry didn’t. Until now. Meet One Power, a U.S. company taking the most boring, glacial, and conservative part of the grid… and flipping it on its head. Not by reinventing the tech, but
Jun 18, 20252 min read


EU Startup and Scaleup Strategy: A promising map, but still no compass
My full breakdown is now live:
What’s working, what’s missing, and what scaleups, especially in cleantech and manufacturing, can do today without waiting for Brussels.
Jun 12, 20253 min read


Second-hand equipment and loans for equipment in FOAK
Would you consider using second-hand equipment for your pilot/demo/FOAK?
Jun 10, 20252 min read


Book Review: "Unicorns, Hype, and Bubbles" by Jeffrey Funk
Check out my review of Dr. Funk's book, where I highlighted some key takeaways, like why hype has replaced productivity, why consultants always win first, and what it means for anyone evaluating early-stage tech in climate and beyond.
Jun 5, 20255 min read


The Hype Around Water Tech
Can you find unicorns in water? There is a hype around water tech startups. Climate is changing, and some countries, such as Turkey, where I currently reside, could face severe water shortages. The recent documentary by Sir David Attenborough spurred more enthusiasm for investing in water startups. I am all for Sir Attenborough’s art and insights. But art is one thing, and investments are another. The only possible unicorn in a water business would resemble Water and Power Co
Jun 3, 20252 min read


Bridging the FOAK finance gap: IPO before VC
They IPO’d before raising VC. Here’s why that was genius. ATOME Energy didn’t follow the usual startup playbook. No pre-seed. No seed. No “100-slide deck for Sand Hill Road.” Instead, they went public. Early. That’s not just bold - it’s strategic. 💡 Why? Because in capital-intensive, FOAK-scale cleantech, your biggest bottleneck isn’t idea validation. It’s credibility. To secure $400M in project finance, off-take agreements, and long-term power deals in emerging markets… You
Jun 2, 20251 min read


The Holy Trinity of FOAK Finance
You don’t need to have a financial degree or a background in finance to understand the key principles of funding a FOAK.
May 29, 20256 min read


FOAK no more. Three takeaways from the US climate rollback
Don’t play with the government. That’s a rule my father taught me. He built his business in the 90s and early 2000s in Russia. He knew first hand that the government will screw you over faster than your private sector partner and in worse ways. For a long time, I thought that this rule applied only to authoritarian states like Russia, where the law is weak. The current passing of the “Big Beautiful Bill” in the US now shows that it is true for the West as well. The Inflation
May 27, 20252 min read


Post-FOAK Is the New FOAK: A Strategic Review of the OCED’s First-of-a-Kind Project Playbook
A review of possibly the most comprehensive collection of real-world examples for getting cleantech from the lab to steel-in-the-ground scale. If you’re in the weeds of building a FOAK (First-of-a-Kind) project, or advising someone who is, this report deserves a place on your desk.
May 22, 20253 min read


The Energy Test Framework
A climate tech idea that needs more energy than it saves? That’s not innovation. That’s a waste.
May 21, 20252 min read


Grants for FOAK
During my time scaling up climate tech, I wouldn’t touch government grants. Even when they could clearly reduce my capital costs, help to avoid dilution and generally help to speed up a project. In Russia, dealing with government money means that sooner or later, you’ll have a budget controller knocking at your door, whose sole purpose is to find out how you misused public funds, so that he can ransom money from you or throw you into jail. The jail could actually be the first
May 8, 20257 min read


Hydrogen planes: The new Concorde, minus the takeoff
Airbus just quietly moved the launch of its hydrogen-powered plane from 2035 to 2045. In corporate speak, that’s not a delay—it’s a polite way of pulling the plug without admitting failure. After €1.7B spent, even Airbus is starting to realize that hydrogen aviation may be a science project, not a business. I called this a year ago, when Universal Hydrogen filed for bankruptcy after burning through $100M. That was a 20-minute or $100M crash course in hydrogen physics. Airbus
Apr 25, 20251 min read


💸 Why (most) climate tech startups don’t deliver 10x returns
Data shows that 10x returns are extremely rare in the climate tech
Mar 25, 20251 min read


What will happen to Cleantech in 2025?
What are the main challenges to NetZero in 2025?
Mar 19, 20251 min read


Power and Progress: Does Technology Benefit All By Default?
the most cyberpunk thing I’ve read this year wasn’t fiction—it was a book by Nobel Prize winning MIT economists
Mar 6, 20254 min read
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